Jaenicke, Margaret E. Hopkins, Anders L. Kowalski, Kurt P. Bozimowski, Alexandra A. Sanocki, Chris A. 202406 vector digital data Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YHM9Y0 U.S. Geological Survey 2016 vector and raster digital data Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UAA4HY The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) created geospatial datasets of potential culvert locations along with flowlines connected to southwestern Lake Erie as part of the Western Lake Erie Restoration Assessment (WLERA). The Degree Flowlines and Culverts datasets represent the flowline network and culverts in the WLERA study area. Both datasets will be served in the Great Lakes Wetlands Restoration Area mapping application [https://glcwra.wim.usgs.gov/]. The map-based user interface can be used by stakeholders to find potential areas for successful wetlands restoration. Each flowline was assigned a connectivity score describing its level of connectedness to Lake Erie. Low numbers represent fewer disconnections, such as culverts or road crossings, between the reach and the water body requiring no flow network modification to restore the area. For more information, see the full data release documentation and the GLCWRA webpage: https://glcwra.wim.usgs.gov/. The purpose of the Degree Flowlines dataset is to quantify the degrees of hydraulic separation between each National Hydrologic Dataset (NHD) reach (stream) and Lake Erie. The higher the degree of separation, the less connected the river/stream is to the hydroperiod of the lake. Ultimately, reducing hydrologic disconnections of the coastal areas to the Great Lakes would benefit a coastal wetland restoration project. The culverts point layer indicates potential locations of culverts and other hydraulic control structures. This layer is important to understand the hydrologic connection between the coastal area and Lake Erie. It is provided for documentation of the interim step of the Degree Flowlines layer creation. The culverts dataset is not meant to be an exhaustive catalog of all culverts within the study area, rather only the ones through which NHD streams flow. The following updates were made to the data in WLERA Flowlines 2024 (Jaenicke et al., 2024) from the WLERA Flowlines 2016 data release (Saarinen, 2016) : - Used more up-to-date NHD and TIGER data - Created new metadata file with descriptive summary and process steps 2024 publication date Complete None planned -83.6984 -82.1146 42.1138 41.2679 ISO 19115 Topic Category environment geoscientificInformation inlandWaters Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords lake lakeshore wetland wetland restoration stream river hydrology resource management USGS Thesaurus hydrology natural resource management water quality remediation wetland ecosystems Holocene Common geographic areas Great Lakes Ohio Michigan Lake Erie Western Lake Erie None. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. None. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Kurt P Kowalski U.S. Geological Survey, MIDCONTINENT REGION Research Ecologist mailing address

1451 Green Rd

Ann Arbor MI 48105 US 734-214-9308 734-994-8780 kkowalski@usgs.gov The GLCWRA was produced with funding provided by the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) and in collaboration with the New College of Florida. Digital datasets obtained from public repositories and datasets including the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD), National Wetland Index (NWI), 3D Elevation Program (3DEP), U.S. Census Bureau, National Geospatial Program, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA), Protected Areas Database of the U.S. (PAD-US), National Land Cover Database (NLDC), Gridded Soil Survey Geographic Database (gSSURGO), Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) U.S. Geological Survey 2016 application/service Geonarrative map website for GLCWRA study https://glcwra.wim.usgs.gov/ Kurt P Kowalski Justin A. Saarinen 2016 dataset https://www.sciencebase.gov U.S. Geological Survey Previous release of data. See "Supplemental Information" for more context. https://doi.org/10.5066/f7125qsh The attribute values of this dataset were inspected and confirmed to be within the proper range of values. The attribute values were reviewed, and spatial data was visually inspected to verify the that the data values and their locations accurately describe the purpose of the data. This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. This dataset provides coverage for the entire Western Lake Erie Restoration Assessment study area. Approximately 20% of the spatial data was visually inspected to verify the positional accuracy of its features. The review consisted of comparing the spatial data to its input datasets and to underlying GIS basemaps. While this data has been reviewed, the spatial data is only as spatially accurate as the input data sources. This dataset does not have a vertical component, so testing for vertical accuracy was not necessary. ESRI 20210405 remote-sensing image https://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/World_Imagery/MapServer Digital 20210405 publication date ESRI World Imagery Satellite imagery from ESRI was used to select functioning wetlands from the NWI dataset. Google Maps 2023 remote-sensing image https://www.google.com/maps/@41.7410276,-82.990953,134833m/data=!3m1!1e3?entry=ttu Digital 2023 publication date Google Satellite Imagery Satellite imagery from Google Maps was used to select functioning wetlands from the NWI dataset. These dataset were used during the month of October 2023. U. S. Geological Survey 20230307 vector digital data Hydrological Units (HU) used: 8 - 04100001 (NHD_H_04100001_HU8_GDB) 8 - 04100002 (NHD_H_04100002_HU8_GDB) 8 - 04100009 (NHD_H_04100009_HU8_GDB) 8 - 04100010 (NHD_H_04100010_HU8_GDB) 8 - 04100011 (NHD_H_04100011_HU8_GDB) 8 - 04100012 (NHD_H_04100012_HU8_GDB) 8 - 04100013 (NHD_H_04100013_HU8_GDB) 8 - 04110001 (NHD_H_04110001_HU8_GDB) https://www.usgs.gov/national-hydrography/national-hydrography-dataset 24000 Digital 20230307 publication date NHD Flowlines Identified the centerlines of stream segments or reaches that make up the nation's surface water drainage system. NHDFlowline features consist of categories stream/river, artificial path, canal/ditch, pipeline, connector, underground conduit, and coastline. U. S. Census Bureau 20200523 vector digital data http://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2020/RAILS/tl_2020_us_rails.zip Digital 20200523 publication date Tiger Railways Identified all railway lines in the WLERA Study Area. U. S. Census Bureau 2021 vector digital data Counties downloaded: Ohio: Lucas, Ottawa, Wood, Sandusky, Erie, Lorain Michigan: Monroe https://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/geo/shapefiles/index.php?year=2021&layergroup=Roads Digital 2021 publication date Tiger Roads Identified all roads in the WLERA Study Area. First, the Culverts layer was created. Using ArcGIS Pro 3.0.3, the NHD Flowlines, TIGER/Line roads, and TIGER/line railroads were clipped to the WLERA Study Area and projected to NAD 83 UTM Zone 17N. The TIGER/line roads and railroads were merged using the "Merge" tool. And then the NHD Flowlines layers were merged using the "Merge" tool. The processing environment was set so that all output layers have the coordinate reference system of NAD83 UTM Zone 17N. 20230917 Then, the "Intersect" tool was used to create a point layer that represents the intersections between the road/railroad layer and NHD flowlines layer. The output coordinate system was set to NAD83 UTM Zone 17N. Each point was visually inspected to ensure validity. The layer was exported as a shapefile and unnecessary fields were removed and Z and M values were disabled. 20230919 All points created through this intersection process were manually reviewed alongside Google Earth imagery to decipher validity. If a point represented a bridge (greater than 6 meters in length) rather than a true culvert, the point was deleted as flow is not impacted. Similarly, multiple points created by an intersection with a multi-lane road or railroad that visibly had only a single culvert running underneath were simplified down to a single point (or however many were visible at the intersection). 20230919 Next the Degree Flowlines layer was created. To start, the NHD flowlines within the WLERA study area were found. From all the HUCs listed below, the NHDFlowlines feature classes were imported in ArcGIS Pro 3.0.3, projected to NAD 1983 UTM Zone 17N, clipped to the study area and merged together. ArcGIS Pro's "Unsplit Lines" tool was used to dissolve together line segments with common endpoints. A visual inspection was done to make sure that all selected flowlines represent streams which flow into Lake Erie. These selected flowlines were exported to a new feature class. 20231020 Next, with ArcGIS Pro's "Split Line at Point" tool, the flowlines from the feature class of the previous step were split with the point features from the Culverts layer. In this last step, the degree of separation from the Great Lakes was identified for each flowline segment. In the flowline feature class from the previous step, a new column called 'Degree' was added to the attribute table. Then for each flowline segment, the degree of separation was manually counted and entered into the 'Degree' column of the attribute table. Flowline segments with direct connection to Lake Erie received a value of '0'. Then for each segment upstream, the degree value increased by 1. After all flowline segments were assigned the proper degree of separation, the feature class was exported as a new shapefile in NAD 1983 UTM Zone 17N. 20231020 Universal Transverse Mercator 17 0.9996 -81.0 0.0 500000.0 0.0 coordinate pair 0.6096 0.6096 meters North_American_Datum_1983 GRS 1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 WLERA_DegreeFlowlines.shp A vector dataset (in shapefile format) illustrating the National Hydrography Dataset flowlines in the WLERA study area and their degree of connectedness to Lake Erie. Producer Defined FID Primary key. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. ESRI Shape type. Degree This value represents the number of hydrologic disconnections between the flowline and its outlet. '0' means that the stream is directly connected to the lake, and the integer value indicated the number of culverts the stream passed through before reaching the lake. Producer Defined 0 30 WLERA_Culverts.shp A vector dataset (in shapefile format) representing the location of culverts in the WLERA study area. Producer Defined FID Internal feature number. ESRI Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. ESRI Shape type. ID Primary key. Producer Defined Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. This data release includes two geospatial datasets and associated metadata files. WLERA_DegreeFlowlines.zip contains a polyline shapefile and WLERA_Culverts.zip contains a multipoint shapefile. NA GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Digital Data https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YHM9Y0 None 20240515 Kurt P Kowalski U.S. Geological Survey, MIDCONTINENT REGION Research Ecologist mailing address

1451 Green Rd

Ann Arbor MI 48105 US 734-214-9308 734-994-8780 kkowalski@usgs.gov FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998